Python Data Types

Python Data Types

Python provides a variety of built-in data types to handle different kinds of data. These include:

• Numbers: int, float, complex
• Strings: text sequences
• Collections: list, tuple, dict, set

Numbers

Numeric types support arithmetic operations:

# Integer
x = 42
# Float
y = 3.14
# Complex
z = 1 + 2j

# Operations
sum_val = x + y       # 45.14
product = x * 2       # 84
magnitude = abs(z)    # sqrt(1^2 + 2^2)
 

Strings

Strings are immutable sequences. Common operations:

s = "Hello, World!"
# Length and indexing
length = len(s)
first = s[0]          # 'H'
# Slicing
sub = s[7:12]         # 'World'
# Methods
upper = s.upper()     # 'HELLO, WORLD!'
contains = "World" in s  # True
# f-strings for formatting
name = "Alice"
greeting = f"Welcome, {name}!"
 

Lists, Tuples, Dicts

items = [1, 2, 3]
items.append(4)
items[0] = 0            # [0, 2, 3, 4]
 

coords = (10.0, 20.0)
# coords[0] = 5.0  # raises TypeError
 

config = {"debug": True, "timeout": 30}
value = config.get("timeout")   # 30
for key, val in config.items():
    print(key, val)